NSTU-NETI develops solutions to reduce mutual interference of telecommunication devices

The relevance of the direction is determined by the fact that radio frequency broadcasting is a limited resource that must be shared among numerous users of wireless telecommunications systems (telephones, Wi—Fi, GPS, radio, TV, etc.). The development of digitalization leads to an increase in the number of subscribers who begin to interfere with each other, being in the same frequency range. As a result, the level of mutual interference is increasing, preventing the full realization of the possibilities of digital technologies.

For example, modern medical institutions have a large number of devices connected to the wireless Internet. The occurrence of mutual interference can lead to malfunction of equipment, including vital equipment, which is unacceptable.

According to Maxim Stepanov, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Head of the Department of Radio Receivers and Radio Transmitting Devices at NSTU-NETI, traditionally mutual interference is combated by increasing the spectral purity of the emitted signals, as well as improving reception facilities. Currently, the potential of these approaches has been largely exhausted. University scientists see prospects for increasing resistance to the effects of mutual interference in the use of spatial selection methods. "Imagine that there is a certain room in which there is a fairly large number of subscribers. You need to establish a communication channel between one of them and the base node, while you should not interfere with the rest. In this case, it would be advisable not to spread the signal that the transmitter emits throughout the room, but to concentrate its power in the area where your subscriber is located. And in the rest of the room, the signal intensity should decrease to prevent interference from other users. This task can be considered as the task of forming the distribution of the electromagnetic field within a limited volume," said Alexey Kiselyov, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor.

The formation of the distribution of electromagnetic fields with a spatial intensity mode is the process of controlling how the energy of these fields changes in space, which is achieved by creating specific control algorithms and recommendations for improving hardware.

Within the framework of this field, Denis Yuzvik, a graduate student of the Department of Radio Receivers and Radio Transmitting Devices at NSTU NETI, has developed an algorithm for calculating the amplitude and initial phases of signals supplied to the antenna array emitters, which allows you to form maximum areas at the right points in space. Based on the algorithm obtained, the department's team developed software for calculating signal parameters and modeling the generated distribution of the electromagnetic field in space, and also manufactured a laboratory stand for experiments. This made it possible to study in depth the features of the formation of electromagnetic fields with a given distribution in space that occur with various antenna configurations. The theoretical results obtained are confirmed by both mathematical modeling and field experiments on focusing radiation from telecommunication systems to a given point in space.

Scientists have received patents for inventions: "A method for focusing electromagnetic radiation in several areas of a room" and "A method for positioning the maximum electric field strength at a given point in space using a one-dimensional focused antenna array." Currently, work is underway to create a database of technical solutions that can significantly reduce the level of mutual interference of wireless telecommunications systems, namely, the search for antenna array configurations containing a minimum number of elements and providing a given distribution of the electromagnetic field in space, evaluating the ability to focus broadband signals, etc.