Novosibirsk State Technical University has developed a method for diagnosing the likelihood of developing coronary heart disease (CHD) in young people.
According to statistics, every 13 people in Russia suffer from diseases of the cardiovascular system, and among the causes of death from diseases of the circulatory system, coronary heart disease is in the first place. In this regard, the search and development of effective low-cost noninvasive methods of early diagnosis of coronary heart disease is one of the urgent tasks of healthcare.
The request for development was received from the Laboratory of Clinical Biochemical and Hormonal Studies of Therapeutic Diseases of the Scientific Research Institute of Therapy and Preventive Medicine (NIITPM). According to Elena Kashtanova, head of the laboratory, Doctor of Biological Sciences, in recent decades, doctors have increasingly encountered young patients who have symptoms of this disease. Low awareness of the causes of coronary heart disease, the mechanisms of its development and consequences, as well as a sedentary lifestyle and bad habits lead to the fact that the disease is "getting younger". In this regard, timely diagnosis, as well as secondary prevention of coronary heart disease, is of particular importance in terms of providing medical care to patients with a cardiological profile.
"Our task was to develop a method for assessing the risk of coronary heart disease based on inflammatory, oxidative and lipid biomarkers. We were provided with information about the results of a study in which about 200 patients were examined. To assess the risk of developing the disease, a system of logical and mathematical models has been developed, which allows calculating the probability of developing coronary heart disease based on laboratory parameters. A software module has been developed for the convenience of working with a collection of models that take into account the specifics of interpreting a set of biochemical parameters. The user can enter laboratory data, and the system will give a result characterizing the numerical risk of coronary atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease in the patient. Based on the result obtained, in the case of medium or high estimates of the risk of coronary heart disease, the doctor has a reason to prescribe additional examinations to the patient and clarify the diagnosis," said Irina Yakovina, Associate Professor of the Department of Computer Engineering at NSTU-NETI, Candidate of Technical Sciences.
As part of the project, NSTU-NETI scientists have developed a convenient option for system visualization of results, which allows you to display different indicators and their deviation from the conditional norm — pathology boundary. According to the formed visual image, it is possible to see which of the diagnosed subsystems of the body affects the risk of developing coronary heart disease. It was proposed to use this diagram as a clarifying diagnostic model that can be used for rapid diagnosis and screening of large populations.
Based on the results of the work, a patent was obtained for the invention "A method for assessing the presence of coronary heart disease in young people." The created laboratory and diagnostic complex is used by the Scientific Research Institute of Therapy and Preventive Medicine.
We add that the direction of developing risk meters is relevant, since a lot of data has been accumulated in various fields of medicine. Their analysis allows you to choose the most informative from a variety of parameters, which makes it possible to reduce the number of necessary studies for preliminary diagnosis. This allows you to quickly obtain preliminary diagnostic results and reduce the financial costs of the examination.